Organisational Culture of Etisalat

Authoritative Culture of Etisalat Etisalat †Organizational Culture Official Summary: The underneath conversation is an examination into the authoritative culture part of the organization Etisalat. In this regard we could state that the conversation gives a thought of the idea of hierarchical culture and an organization brief of Etisalat. Next the conversation uncovers the hierarchical culture of the organization Etisalat and clarifies the equivalent and draws an arrangement of authoritative culture of the organization with the Hofstede hypothesis. Next the conversation examines the positive parts of the organization culture. The end causes one’s to notice the negative effect of the Etisalat hierarchical culture lastly the conversation closes with suggestions for better execution of the organization in future Presentation: The part of authoritative culture includes a significant part of the administration investigations of the present occasions. Truth be told the component of hierarchical culture additionally uncover a significant part of the association work climate and the vital methodologies that the organization will have in managing the different circumstances. At the end of the day the hierarchical culture speaks to the perspectives, convictions, values and the assessments of the individuals from the association, both the workers and the administration of the organization. Etisalat or the Emirates media communications Corporations is the biggest telecom organization of the locale. The organization was at first a British organization which was later purchased out by the legislature of the country of UAE and about 60% of the offers was held by the administration of the country and the remainder of the 40% of the offers were made accessible for the general masses. In the accompanying conversation we will outline certain parts of the hierarchical culture of the organization Etisalat †the worldwide telecom monster, which has an authoritative culture much tinted by the inalienable convictions of the Islam society. Body of the Discussion: In this piece of the conversation we will be taking a gander at the different parts of the hierarchical culture that wins with regards to the organization Etisalat. Etisalat Organizational Culture: The organization Etisalat or the Emirates media transmission Corporation was at first incepted to give a world class media transmission framework to the UAE. Anyway in the coming occasions the organization expanded in different pieces of the Middle East and furthermore parts of Asia. Right now the organization is working in almost 18 nations everywhere throughout the world and has a customer base of in excess of 150 million clients. Over the span of its development we see that the organization has kept up a very representative situated methodology. One of the most beginning and critical angle to which the administration of the organization has given point by point consideration is the improvement of its representatives. The component of representative dynamism and its improvement comprises to be a basic element of the company’s inside elements. By and by we see that the component of morals again is a significant rule for the organization of Etisalat. As a basic component of the authoritative culture both the administration and the representatives of the organization do have exceptionally inspirational demeanor towards the element of preparing and improvement. For this situation we see that the administration of the organization do have an extremely positive and sharp disposition towards preparing its workers so they think of better and imaginative thoughts later on that would be natural in the improvement of the organization. Indeed we see that the authoritative culture of the organization reflects that the administration of the organization is very forward glancing and dynamic in nature and is keen on a forceful promoting attempt according to which the organization is making development in new organizations and is additionally reinforcing its situation through acquisitions and mergers. Again the organization culture is by all accounts practically in a state of harmony with the monetarily dynamic culture of the country of the United Arab Emirates. Since we see that the organization in its undertaking to enter new markets are likewise not reluctant to make some impressive speculation into the class of market and brand building. Notwithstanding a similar we see that the activity obligation of the considerable number of components and the individuals from the organization are treated with an equivalent measure of significance and essentialness. For this situation we see that the chiefs and the group leads of the organization do get a kick out of the chance to pay a nearby degree of consideration regarding the exhibition guidelines of all the colleagues. Bias isn't cultivated in the Company as the equivalent could prompt some intense results. In this association one could clarify that an aggregate presentation remains as basic according to the way of life of the organization. Then again we additionally see that the organization attempts to transcend the sexual orientation predisposition that is nevertheless a stamped highlight of the United Arab Emirates society. We do see that a portion of the senior and the critical positions are again led by the female representatives of the firm and the firm additionally supports a bigger enlistment of the female competitors regardless of the position. Really in the ebb and flow times according to the tides of globalization, the organization has raised much over the Middle Eastern qualities and has legitimately become a worldwide association regarding the hierarchical culture. Authoritative Culture Theories: One of the old and frequently utilized hypotheses that is applied to clarify the idea of Organizational Culture is that of the Hofstede hypothesis. Hofstede in his hypothesis of authoritative culture has been pushing on the factor that diverse topographical areas and countries contributes to the creation of the hierarchical culture. The component of association culture reflects the aspect of mental projects and thinking designs and the procedure of social activities. In this regard it should be said that component of authoritative culture likewise does incredibly rely upon the aspect of the morals and the way of life of the general public and the country overall where the organization is operational. In the extent of the hypothesis we can see that Hofstede has pondered certain features that will assist an organization with having a dynamic and forward looking authoritative culture. For this situation we see that the prominent researcher happened to push on the realities that the force separation or the separation between the few layers of the association must be limited. By and by the organization needs to figure out how to maintain a strategic distance from vulnerability that may emerge later on. The organization culture has focus on both the components of independence just as that of community. The organization should likewise transcend the aspects of woman's rights and Masculinity and should likewise be having both Long term and Short term direction. In this regard we can say that the association Etisalat is very in arrangement with the conviction and the hypotheses of the idea that was proliferated by Hofstede. To show a similar we can clarify the accompanying focuses: The component of intensity separation is remembered and is trailed by the administration of the organization Etisalat. We see that inside the organization so as to show signs of improvement and inventive thoughts from the components of the organization from all the layers of the progressive framework, union and centralization of intensity is commonly disheartened and an open and sincere discussion is kept up according to which the different representatives of the organization can think of different thoughts and ideas. As far as vulnerability evasion we see that the organization anticipates attempt just those thoughts and ideas that appear to be very unmistakable and what the representatives of the organization get through. The organization again attempts to serve and convey results to the two its representatives just as the clients the same. Indeed on account of cooperation and independence we see that the organization do keep up a fine equalization according to which the presentation of all the individual representatives are remembered and that the exhibition of the groups are contemplated whereupon together adjusts community and furthermore independence. In spite of the fact that the general public of the country UAE do have a predisposition towards the male components of the general public according to which we see that the best alternatives in regardless of the fields are saved for the guys of the general public, yet on account of Etisalat we see that the organization gives a reasonable opportunity to the female representatives who are additionally working in the absolute most huge places of the organization. From the last perspective we see that the regarding the drawn out directions the eastern nations are given an inclination than the momentary western nations. Positive and negative effects: It has frequently been refered to that the element of authoritative culture regularly assumes a significant job in the advancement of the association and furthermore the different operational and key styles and examples that the equivalent joins. For this situation we can subsequently infer that the component of authoritative culture has an unmistakable job in the achievement or the disappointment of the organization. Truth be told the definitive choices that the administration frequently takes are normally impacted by the hierarchical culture of the organization. On account of the organization Etisalat we see that the circumstance is positively the same. For this situation we see that the hierarchical culture has various positive effects on the organization. They are as per the following: The authoritative culture enables the representatives of the organization to think of new thoughts because of which we to see that the organization consistently has some new thought up its sleeve that the administration goes for the better execution of the organization later on. It likewise improves the individual aptitudes and the certainty of the organization. The working feeling of the organization ends up being a somewhat positive one and we see that the organization and its representatives have an inspirational demeanor that encourages them continue towards development and achievement. Quintessentially we see that the authoritative culture has a solid effect on the agen

The Microsoft Case free essay sample

For what reason was Microsoft examined for antitrust conduct? Microsoft is an enormous, built up, notable PC programming maker. They were examined for antitrust conduct after supposedly mishandling their ground-breaking position as the main providers of PC working frameworks. Microsoft built up an imposing business model market structure on the grounds that the product which they made was just good with Microsoft Windows working frameworks. A while ago when the web was acquainted with people in general, Microsoft gave Internet Explorer to free, packaged with Windows working frameworks. This was a system to kill any contenders so they were clearly not splendidly serious, along these lines their case included flawed rivalry. Microsoft’s imposing business model was secured by the applications boundary to section such a significant number of contenders dreaded to attempt to enter the market. Microsoft likewise had the capacity to build their costs above minimal expenses without losing numerous clients so they were the value creators, and they additionally had showcase power. So, a few people may state that Microsoft was an unadulterated imposing business model since they were the sole makers of the program market and there were no nearby substitutes. We will compose a custom paper test on The Microsoft Case or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Then again, some may state that Microsoft was a characteristic imposing business model since they earned their ground-breaking position by over driving their free market rivals. Before Microsoft became so huge, there were some monetary spectators that asserted that economies of scale would give Microsoft an unassailable lead that would bring about restraining infrastructure. (Economides, 2003) I concur that Microsoft was attempting to pick up imposing business model force in the PC programming industry because of the entirety of the proof. Microsoft completely overwhelmed the PC programming industry for which they had incredible methodologies to do as such. Restraining infrastructures can cause many negative impacts on our economy, for example, more significant expenses, less employments, it can make different organizations bankrupt, and it can make makers be scared to enter a similar industry. Restraining infrastructures can likewise cause beneficial wastefulness, designated wastefulness, diseconomies of scale, and x wastefulness. Notwithstanding, a restraining infrastructure can be something to be thankful for, particularly for a business. Being the pioneer or the goliath of a specific industry can make proprietors, supervisors, and workers feelâ very secure with their organization. Albeit a restraining infrastructure can cause overpricing, it can likewise cause value decrease for which would make different organizations not have the option to contend. An imposing business model can likewise be something to be thankful for on the grounds that the high benefit can be utilized to finance inquire about capital venture spending. In conclusion, economies of scale, worldwide rivalry, and they have the ability to be the value producers.

10 Ways That Bad Credit Can Mess up Your Life

10 Ways That Bad Credit Can Mess up Your Life 10 Ways That Bad Credit Can Mess up Your Life 10 Ways That Bad Credit Can Mess up Your LifeIf you thought that a bad credit score only affected your ability to get qualified for personal loans and credit cardsâ€"think again.Having a bad credit score is bad. That’s why they call it “bad” credit. But what does that actually mean? If you’re a credit newbie, you would do well to learn all the different ways that bad credit can damage your financial wellbeing. Luckily, that’s exactly what we’re here to teach you. So check out these 10 ways that bad credit can totally mess up your life!1. Higher interest rates.The way that bad credit most directly affects a person’s life is in the realm ofâ€"wellâ€"credit. If you have a lousy credit score, you’ll have a hard time getting approved for personal loans and credit cards, especially if those loans are unsecured.But even if you do get approved, the bad credit pain isn’t over.“Everyone knows that having bad credit can make it difficult to be approved for a loan, but even if you do happen to be approved, it’s not always a good thing,” said  Jacob Dayan, CEO and co-founder of  Community Tax, LLC (@communitytaxllc) and  Finance Pal, LLC.“These loans will come with higher down payments, higher interest rates, and tighter terms. When it comes to loans, even a one or two percent increase in your rates can be extremely expensive over time.”This is why people with bad credit and zero savings often end up relying on short-term no credit check loans (like payday loans, cash advances, and title loans) to bridge unexpected financial shortfallsâ€"loans that can all-too-easily leave them trapped in a dangerous cycle of debt.2. Car ownership.Unlike unsecured personal loans, online loans, and credit cards, auto loans involve collateral. Specifically, they use the car or truck that the loan has been taken out to purchase. The presence of collateral means that these loans are easier to qualify for, even if you have bad credit.Still, bad credit means that you will stand a much higher chance of being declined for the loan. And even if you are approved, you will once again face higher interest rates and more restrictive terms. Due to the larger principal amounts and longer terms for auto loans, this could mean paying thousands and thousands more in interest.3. Buying a home.“At worst a bad credit score will prevent you from securing a mortgage,” said CFP Patricia Russell, founder of the personal finance blog  FinanceMarvel. “And at best, even if you do secure a mortgage, you will be paying a much higher interest rate compared to someone with a better credit rating.”For first-time homebuyers, a credit score of 580   is needed to secure a Federal Housing Administration (FHA) mortgage loan with as little as 3.5 percent down. If your credit score is between 500 and 579, youll have to put 10 percent down in order to secure that same loan.While a 580 score is much lower than the score one would need to qualify for an unsecured installmen t loan, there are many borrowers would still be unable to meet it. For them, the dream of home ownership might be beyond their grasp, all because they have poor credit!4. Car insurance.Most people understand that their access to affordable loans and credit cards pretty much depends on their credit score. But here’s another less widely known way that bad credit can increase a person’s cost of living: Car insurance!“A poor credit score will result in a higher premium as insurance companies run a credit check,” said Russell. And why is that? Russell went on to state that there is evidence linking lower credit ratings and higher claim rates.Insurance companies actually use something called your “credit-based insurance score” to predict how many claims you’ll be likely to file. And according to a 2007 report from the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), these scores do a pretty great job:“Credit-based insurance scores are effective predictors of risk under automobile policies. They are predictive of the number of claims consumers file and the total cost of those claims. The use of scores is therefore likely to make the price of insurance better match the risk of loss posed by the consumer. Thus, on average, higher-risk consumers will pay higher premiums and lower-risk consumers will pay lower premiums.”While your credit-based insurance score isn’t exactly the same thing as your FICO score, the two are quite closely linked. If you have poor credit and you’re applying for car insurance, you should brace yourself for a larger bill!5. Renting.It’s a fair bet that the biggest bill you encounter every month is the bill for your place of residence. If you own a home, that’s your mortgage payment. If you don’t, then it’s your rent. Either way, your credit score is going to come into play. When you’re applying for a new apartment, most landlords are going to check your credit score.Like lenders, landlords don’t want to rent to people who cannot pay their bills on time. And since payment history makes up 35 percent of your total FICO scoreâ€"more than any other single factorâ€"poor credit will make many a potential landlord leery.If you’re applying for a new apartment and you know you have lousy credit, there are steps you can take. The most helpful step of all is to offer a larger security deposit: Instead of one month’s rent, for instance, maybe you offer to pay them two months rent. You’ll still end up having to pay more due to your bad credit, but at least you’ll have a place to live.6. Cell phone contracts.If you’ve applied for a new phone contract recently, you might have noticed that they checked your credit before approving your application. That’s right: Bad credit can even affect how much you get charged to talk (and more likely, text) on the phone!“One of the lesser known effects of bad credit is that it can make it very difficult to obtain a contract with a phone service provider,” explained Daya n.”This may not have been a problem in the past, but these days when your cell phone is your connection to the entire world, it can be a huge handicap.“Similar to landlords, service providers like to know that you will be able to consistently pay for your service and cover any additional charges you may rack up. If you have bad credit then you will likely have to resort to more costly options like security deposits and prepaid plans.”The answer here is similar to the answer for renting an apartment, as youll probably be forced to pay more for the phone up front. Beyond shopping around for the best deal, it might be a good idea to ask your friends and family members if one of them is willing to co-sign your phone contract.7. Starting a business.“Many entrepreneurs need a loan or line of credit to get their business idea off the ground, but as a small business owner, your personal credit will impact your ability to get a loan for the business,” said personal finance blogger Marc Andre of  VitalDollar.com (@vital_dollar).“Poor credit could prevent you from being able to qualify for the business loan, and you may have a hard time getting the funding that you need to start the business.” So if you’re looking to pay down some extra debt in hopes of boosting your score, an unincorporated side hustle might be the way to go.8. Getting a job.“It can be tough to secure employment, as many jobs in upper management will require a good credit score (especially in the financial sector). A bad credit history will greatly reduce your chances of securing a job,” said Russell.Pre-employment credit checks count as a hard inquiry, which means that an employer will need your permission in order to run one. In certain statesâ€"and the District of Columbiaâ€"an employers ability to run credit checks on potential (and current!) employees is limited.While a pre-employment credit check could prevent you from getting hiredâ€"or could lead to you being fired from a job you already haveâ€"these inquiries slightly more rare outside of the financial sector and jobs that require handling a lot of money. But don’t forget: Some bad information from your past doesn’t require a credit check. A quick Google search will do just fine.9. Utilities.Not many people are aware that a poor credit score can result in higher costs of utilities like electricity, water, phone, and cable,” said Russell. “These are in essence short-term loans as you receive the benefits of the service before you pay for them.”“Utility companies will always run a credit check when you sign up to and anyone with poor credit may be required to pay a deposit of several months worth of services,” she added.And while many utility companies will refund that deposit after a year of on-time payments, some will require a letter of guarantee: Basically, someone with good credit has to co-sign your gas bill!10. Strain on your relationship.If you think that the effects of bad credit a re limited to only matters of your pocketbook, think again. Bad credit andâ€"and sometimes bad credit loansâ€"can negatively affect your dating life. And the more serious the relationship, the more damage a bad credit score can do.“The impacts of poor credit, like higher interest rates and missing out on job opportunities, can lead to a lot of stress and sometimes to financial difficulties,” said Andre. “These situations put added strain on marriages and other relationships. In this case, the indirect results of credit troubles can be much worse than the direct results.”Maneuvering through life with a bad credit score is like trying to use your phone’s GPS right after you dropped it in the pool: Getting where you want to go is a lot more difficult than it should be, and the many detours you’re sure to encounter are going to be a real hassle. To learn more about how you can improve your credit score and seize control of your financial future, check out these related posts and articles from OppLoans:How to Raise Your Credit Score by 100 PointsBuilding Your Financial Life: Budgeting for BeginnersSave More Money with These 40 Expert TipsEmergency Funds Are Important: Here’s How to Start Building OneDo you have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributorsMarc Andre is a personal finance blogger at  VitalDollar.com (@vital_dollar), where he writes about saving money, managing money, and ways to make more money. His goal with Vital Dollar is to help individuals and families get the most out of the money they have and to reach their full financial potential. He lives in Pennsylvania with his wife and their two kids (a son and a daughter).Jacob Dayan is the CEO and Co-Founder of  Community Tax, LLC (@communitytaxllc) and  Finance Pal, LLC. He began his career in Wall Street New York at Bear Stearns working in the Financial Analytics and Structured Transactions gro up. He continued to work in Wall Street until early 2009. When he then left New York and returned to Chicago to be with his family and pursue his lifelong dream  of self-employment. There he co-founded Community Tax, LLC followed by Finance Pal in late 2018.Patricia Russell is a Certified Financial Planner (CFP) and the founder of the personal finance blog,  FinanceMarvel, which provides free financial advice on managing credit, debit and savings. Patricia has more than 10 years experience in helping families and individuals take control of their personal finances and achieve financial independence.

The Meaning of Nani in Japanese

The word nani  Ã¤ ½â€¢ (㠁 ªÃ£  «) in Japanese means what. And depending on the situation, you might, instead, use  nan (㠁 ªÃ£â€šâ€œ). Which term you use depends on the context, in particular, whether you are speaking or writing formally or informally. The sentences below are listed first in a transliteration of the Japanese phrase or sentence, followed by the spelling in Japanese characters—using  kanji,  hiragana, or  katakana  as appropriate—followed by the translation in English. Where indicated, click on the link to bring up a sound file and hear how to correctly pronounce the word or sentence in Japanese. Using Nani or Nan in a Sentence Nani is the more formal and polite term to use when asking a question, as in: Nani  wo  suru  tsumori  desu ka? (㠁 ªÃ£  « ã‚’ 㠁™ã‚‹ 㠁 ¤Ã£â€šâ€šÃ£â€šÅ  㠁 §Ã£ â„¢ 㠁‹)   What do you intend to do? or What are you planning to do? In more casual situations it would  be  fine to use nan. As a general rule,  if the word following what begins with a syllable from the t, n, and d groups, use nan, as in: Nandeshou? (㠁 ªÃ£â€šâ€œÃ£  §Ã£ â€"ょ㠁†) What do you want? More on Using Nan vs. Nani Nan is used before  particles.  A particle is a word that shows the relationship of a word, phrase, or clause  to the rest of the sentence.  Particles are added to the end of sentences to  express the speaker  or writers  emotions, such as doubt, emphasis, caution, hesitation, wonder, or admiration. You might use  nan   with a phrase such as /㠁 ®, /㠁 § (which means of the and is pronounced no de)  and verb da/desu (打㠁 §Ã£ â„¢ ), meaning it is hitting or it is striking. Nani is used before: /㠁‹ (meaning or and pronounced as ka)  and /㠁 « (meaning into a and pronounced as ni). Be careful when you use nan because, for example, if you use  nan  before ka  (/㠁‹), which means or, it would sound like the word nanka  (㠁 ªÃ£â€šâ€œÃ£ â€¹), which means things like. Another example would be if you were to use  nan with  ni (/㠁 «), it would be nanni  (㠁 ªÃ£â€šâ€œÃ£  «), meaning why, but this sounds very much like nannimo  (㠁 ªÃ£â€šâ€œÃ£  «Ã£â€šâ€š), which translates as nothing at all. Using Nani or Nan in Context You might use  nani  or  nan  in a restaurant. Depending on whether you are at a formal business luncheon or a casual eatery, you might use either of these terms. For example, at fast food eatery you might say: Osusume wa nan desu ka.  (㠁Šå‹ §Ã£â€š Ã£  ¯Ã¤ ½â€¢Ã£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹) What do you recommend?Are wa nan desu ka. (㠁‚ã‚Å'㠁 ¯Ã¤ ½â€¢Ã£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Ã£â‚¬â€š) What is that?   If you are at a more formal eatery, but you dont know what to order, you might ask a fellow diner: Nani ga oishii desu ka. (ä ½â€¢Ã£ Å'㠁Šã â€žÃ£ â€"㠁„㠁 §Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Ã£â‚¬â€š) What is good? If you are traveling on a train and need to ask for help from a stranger or train conductor, that would be considered a more formal situation in Japan. Thus, you would use  nani  and might say: Tsugi  wa  nani  eki  desu ka.  (æ ¬ ¡Ã£  ¯Ã¤ ½â€¢Ã© §â€¦Ã£  §Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Ã£â‚¬â€š) What is the next station? However, if you are traveling with a friend, you might use   the informal  nan, as in: Nan-ji  ni  demasu  ka.  (ä ½â€¢Ã¦â„¢â€šÃ£  «Ã¥â€¡ ºÃ£  ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£ â€¹Ã£â‚¬â€š)   What time does it leave?

Anne Bradstreet The First American Poet And Woman Writer...

Anne Bradstreet Anne Bradstreet was the first American poet and woman writer of America. Bradstreet was a well-educated woman; she used her father’s library to educate her self. Bradstreet’s writings were about her personal and puritan life. Her poetry expresses emotional and personal feelings. She produces a strong Puritan voice and also was one of the first to write English in the American colonies. Anne Bradstreet individualism lies in her choice of material rather than her style. Anne Bradstreet was born in 1612 in Northampton, England. Her parents were Thomas and Dorothy Dudley. In 1630 she moved with her husband and her parents to the Massachusetts Bay Colony, where her husband and her father served as governors of the settlement. The families moved to America just like many Puritan settlers, in hopes of religious freedom, which could not be obtained in England. Bradstreet’s husband was frequently absent, but still managed to find time to write her poetry while raising 8 children. Also Her health was often poor, and she had bouts of serious illness. It is likely that she had tuberculosis. Yet among all this, she found time to write poetry (womenshistory.about.com). Bradstreet s work has endured, and she is still considered to be one of the most important early American poets (poetryfoundation.org). Bradstreet was only sixteen and her husband was twenty-five years old but it was obvious they had a happy marriage as evidence of her poem, â€Å"To my D ear and LovingShow MoreRelatedEssay on Anne Bradstreet: The Pioneer Puritan Poet1124 Words   |  5 Pagesatypically for a renowned American poet, Anne Bradstreet was an English-born writer who moved to America in 1630 after enduring an arduous journey (â€Å"Anne Bradstreet†). Bradstreet was a devoutly religious Puritan, following the precedent of her father and husband, the most prominent men in her life. Her dedicated Puritan beliefs greatly molded her writings. Many of her poems contain references to sin, redemption, and immortality among other recurrent Puritan topics (â€Å"Anne Bradstreet†). Anne Bradstreet’s publishedRead MoreFeminist Poets Like Emily Dickinson And Anne Bradstreet881 Words   |  4 PagesPuritans). But, slowly and gradually, situation being changed: â€Å"During the first half of the 19th century, women s roles in society evolved in the areas of occupational, moral, and social reform. Through efforts such as factory movements, social reform, and women s rights, their aims were realized and foundations for further reform were established† (Lauter 1406). 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She was also a daughter of a PuritanRead MoreSimilarities Between Anne Bradstreet And Society1353 Words   |  6 PagesCorrelations Between Anne Bradstreet’s Poems and Society Today The name Anne Bradstreet may not be as infamous to some ears as the name Virginia Woolf or Mary Shelley, but her influence on the inclusion of women in a predominantly â€Å"male society† prevails nonetheless and reigns just as prominent as other women of her time. Anne Bradstreet was a devoted wife and mother, who was also bound by the impediments of being a Puritan woman. In fact, she summited herself to her husband and demonstrates herRead MoreMary Rowlandson vs Anne Bradstreet Essay994 Words   |  4 PagesMary Rowlandson and Anne Bradstreet are two women with different stories and one similar faith. Their similar faith in God and passion for writing allowed the two women to survive the contrast of hardships each woman had to endure. Furthermore, in this essay, I will compare and contrast the lives and faith of Rowlandson and Bradstreet. In the story â€Å"Narrative of the Captivity and Restoration of Mrs. Mary Rowlandson† written by Mary Rowlandson herself, we read that she is taken captive by a groupRead MoreEssay on Anne Bradstreet and Her Feelings Toward Men1528 Words   |  7 PagesAnne Bradstreet and Her Feelings Toward Men Growing up in the early 1600s was a tough time for many people, especially women. Women were very much discriminated against and made to fulfill the duties that were in the household and nothing else beyond that. Anne Bradstreet was a woman that grew up during this time as a Puritan. Puritans believed that humans could only achieve goodness if they worked hard, were self-disciplined, and constantly examining themselves to make sure that they wereRead MoreEarly American Literature Vs Modern United States1538 Words   |  7 Pages As a student I often find myself showing little interest in early American Literature vs modern United States. The text can be boring mostly because it is primarily authored by Anglo-Saxton Puritans. Once the text was read, it started to make more sense to me about the way of puritan life; as well as being more relevant on the views of America. The Puritan way of life was a man’s world. Women had separate roles in Puritan society; women se rved as secondary subjects their husbands. The

Ict in Teacher Education Free Essays

ICT in Teacher Education Dr. R. Sivakumar Assistant Professor Department of Education Annamalai University Annamalai Nagar – 608002. We will write a custom essay sample on Ict in Teacher Education or any similar topic only for you Order Now Abstract Information and Communication Technologies has a great potential to contribute positively towards knowledge dissemination, effective learning and the development of more efficient education service. In teacher education, student-teachers acquire appropriate knowledge, skills and competences on how to integrate technology in education. The knowledge and competences are how to use ICT in teaching and learning has gained enormous importance in today’s teacher education programs. The integration of information and communication technologies can help revitalize teachers and students. This can help to improve and develop the quality of education by providing curricular support in difficult subject areas. Use of ICT in learning settings can act to support various aspects of knowledge construction and as more and more students employ ICTs in their learning processes. ICT enabled education will ultimately lead to the democratization of education. Introduction Teacher is considered to be the architect of the nation. One can realize how important education is which makes one a teacher. Teacher education is looked after by a systematic operation of various agencies involved in it. Various education commissions and a number of expert committee have discussed the aims of teacher education in India. One of the main reasons is the inadequate academic, professional and pedagogic preparation and insufficient level of knowledge and the skills of the faculty. Besides this, traditional versus modern methods of teaching, outdated knowledge and information and lack of skills, teachers attitude, aptitude and authenticity of their sources of knowledge are some of the other core issues. Owing to knowledge explosion and tremendously fast changing ICT, the teachers sometimes find it rather difficult to cope with the new intellectual challenges being thrown up by the changed global and local context. Therefore, they need to acquire new knowledge, and reliable and authentic information. In present scenario, teachers need to help their students in: how to learn, how to grow in future, how to develop study skills, how to conduct fundamental research, how to examine, evaluate and assess information This is necessary if the teachers really want to survive in the ICT world of education. A teacher plays a significant role not only in class teaching learning situation but in social engineering too. Society gives a respectable place to teachers who are really perspective empowered. This empowerment is not at in terms of physical perspective. It is in academic, intellectual, social, and national perspectives. ICT in Education Information and Communication Technologies has a great potential to contribute positively towards knowledge dissemination, effective learning and the development of more efficient education service. Information and Communication Technologies are becoming increasingly pervasive in reaching schools. It is essential that teachers and teacher-educators have a thorough working knowledge of these media and their influence on the performance and engagement of their students. ICT includes, but is not limited to, personal computers, laptops, printers, LCD projectors, palm devices, iPods, fax machines, cell phones, Internet, Intranet and Web-Based Education that offers accessibility, flexibility and innovativeness in teaching and learning. Teachers have ability to use digital technology, communication tools, and networks appropriately to solve information problems in order to function in an information and knowledge society. This encompasses three areas of ICT literacy, namely cognitive, technical, and social. ICT integrated teacher education is more important to Indian education system that is committed to maintain global partnership as well as leadership in knowledge-based society. ICT in education are not only new tools bringing evolution and changes. They raise new fundamental paradigms, new fundamental concepts, which change profoundly our societies, which change knowledge and access to knowledge. The digital natives will bring this new context, whatever the schools do or not. This is a new challenge for schools and for teachers. Digital natives are not only new pupils, a kind of new step in the humankind; they are the main actors of the new digital society, the new citizens of the knowledge society. Learning and teaching in the digital society. It should be no surprise that teachers who, like other professionals, are expected to be lifelong learners, must also meet the challenges of digital and mobile technologies. It is not simply a matter of mastering new technology; since the entire traditional paradigm has been up-ended, they must re-examine their profession and redefine their role of the teachers in the learning process. Understanding and mastering technology is the starting point of a process of creating a new school. ICT in Teacher Education Information and Communication Technology (ICT) have the potential of educational challenges. In teacher education, student-teachers acquire appropriate knowledge, skills and competences on how to integrate technology in education. The knowledge and competences are how to use ICT in teaching and learning has gained enormous importance in today’s teacher education programs. This is because student-teachers’ adoption of ICT use in the classroom has strong positive correlation with the pedagogical training rather than technical skills a particular ICT-related teacher education program or course must seek to promote the following aspects of knowledge so as to help students-teachers know how to use technology in the teaching and learning processes: * Knowledge of problems or situations that can be solved by technology. * Knowledge of the kind of technology that can solve this kind of problem. * Knowledge of how the technology can solve a specified problem. This kind of knowledge is known as Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPCK). It is important that student-teachers are trained on how to use ICT in delivering of education to make learning more meaningful for using Education Technologies to support instruction. Student-teachers should be introduced to TPCK concept and should work in an environment that promotes this understanding for effective integration of technology in their future teaching. ICT courses in teacher education must also strive to develop a sound understanding of the learning theories and ways how ICT can be used to enhance teaching and learning. It is expected that ICT courses in teacher education should make student-teachers appreciate that the choice of any particular technology should be grounded not only on specific learning theory but also on pedagogical needs and the context. This ICT course must promote among student-teachers the knowledge and competences related to the application of ICT to promote teaching and learning process. Using ICT in education includes: * the use of ICT as object of study: which refers to learning about ICT which enables student-teachers to use ICT in their daily life. the use of ICT as aspect of a discipline or profession: meaning that ICT is used for development of ICT skills for professional or vocational purposes. * ICT as medium for teaching and learning which focuses on the use of ICT for the enhancement of the teaching and learning process. To effectively use the new information and communication technologies (ICTs) to improve learning, the following essential conditions must be met: * Students and teachers must have sufficient access to digital technologies and the Internet in their classrooms, schools, and teacher education institutions. High quality, meaningful, and culturally responsive digital content must be available for teachers and learners. * Teachers must have the knowledge and skills to use the new digital tools and resources to help all students achieve high academic standards. Teacher education institutions are faced with the challenge of preparing a new generation of teachers to effectively use the new learning tools in their teaching practices. For many teacher education programmes, this daunting task requires the acquisition of new resources, expertise and careful planning. In approaching this task it is helpful to understand: * the impact of technology on global society and the implications for education, * the extensive knowledge that has been generated about how people learn and what this means for creating more effective and engaging student- centred learning environments, * the stages of teacher development and the levels of adoption of ICTs by teachers, * the critical importance of context, culture, leadership and vision, lifelong learning, and the change process in planning for the integration of technology into teacher education, * the ICT competencies required of teachers related to content, pedagogy, technical issues, social issues, collaboration, and networking, * the importance of developing standards to guide implementation of ICTs in teacher education, * the essential conditions for successful integration of ICTs into teacher education, * important strategies to consider in planning for the infusion of ICTs in teacher education and managin g the change process. Integrating ICT into teaching The integration of information and communication technologies can help revitalize teachers and students. This can help to improve and develop the quality of education by providing curricular support in difficult subject areas. To achieve these objectives, teachers need to be involved in collaborative projects and development of intervention change strategies, which would include teaching partnerships with ICT as a tool. ICT enhancing teaching and learning process Introduce ICT into their classrooms: teachers should believe in the effectiveness of technology, teachers should believe that the use of technology will not cause any disturbances, and finally teachers should believe that they have control over technology. The use of ICT will not only enhance learning environments but also prepare next generation for future lives and careers. The integration of ICT into teaching and learning processes contributes to increase the interaction and reception of information. Such possibilities suggest changes in the communication models and the teaching and learning methods used by teachers, giving way to new scenario which favours both individual and collaborative learning. Students using ICTs for learning purposes become immersed in the process of learning and as more and more students use computers as information sources and cognitive tools. The influence of the technology on supporting how students learn will continue to increase. In the past, the conventional process of teaching has revolved around teachers planning and leading students through a series of instructional sequences to achieve a desired learning outcome. Learning approaches using contemporary ICTs provide many opportunities for constructivist learning through their provision and support for resource-based, student centred settings and by enabling learning to be related to context and to practice. Use of ICT in learning settings can act to support various aspects of knowledge construction and as more and more students employ ICTs in their learning processes, the more pronounced the impact of this will become. Teachers generate meaningful and engaging learning experiences for their students, strategically using ICT to enhance learning. ICT enhancing the quality of education ICT increases the flexibility of delivery of education so that learners can access knowledge anytime and from anywhere. It can influence the way students are taught and how they learn as now the processes are learner driven and not by teachers. This in turn would better prepare the learners for lifelong learning as well as to improve the quality of learning. In concert with geographical flexibility, technology-facilitated educational programs also remove many of the temporal constraints that face learners with special needs. Students are starting to appreciate the capability to undertake education anywhere, anytime and anyplace. One of the most vital contributions of ICT in the field of education is- Easy Access to Learning. With the help of ICT, students can now browse through e-books, sample examination papers, previous year papers etc. and can also have an easy access to resource persons, mentors, experts, researchers, professionals, and peers-all over the world. This flexibility has heightened the availability of just-in-time learning and provided learning opportunities for many more learners who previously were constrained by other commitments. Wider availability of best practices and best course material in education, which can be shared by means of ICT, can foster better teaching. ICT also allows the academic institutions to reach disadvantaged groups and new international educational markets. As well as learning at any time, teachers are also finding the capabilities of teaching at any time to be opportunistic and able to be used to advantage. Mobile technologies and seamless communications technologies support 24Ãâ€"7 teaching and learning. Choosing how much time will be used within the 24Ãâ€"7 envelope and what periods of time are challenges that will face the educators of the future. Thus, ICT enabled education will ultimately lead to the democratization of education. Especially in developing countries like India, effective use of ICT for the purpose of education has the potential to bridge the digital divide. Uses of ICT in language arts How ICT improves the teaching/learning of language or how to improve language teaching through intelligent and informed use of technology * Searching and using Internet resources for language materials and lessons * Searching literature-based, creative writing, problem-solving Internet projects with the option of using interpersonal exchanges, virtual gatherings, peer feedback or mentoring to support student learning. * Constructing technology-enhanced lessons or lesson plans within a language art curriculum Uses of ICT in science * How ICT improves the teaching/learning of science or how to improve science teaching through intelligent and informed use of technology * Searching and using Internet resources for science materials and lessons * Science education on the Internet Use of computers software and calculators for science teaching * Use of computer to simulate scientific phenomena and use of graphic calculators to collect and analyse data * Constructing technology-enhanced lessons or lesson plans within a science curriculum Uses of ICT in mathematics * How ICT improves the teaching/learning of mathematics or how to improve mathematics teaching through intelligent and informed use of technology * Searching and using Internet resources for mathematics materials and lessons * Use of computer software and ca lculators for mathematics teaching * Use of computers and graphic calculators to collect and analyse data and to build and test mathematical models of the real-world * Constructing technology-enhanced lessons or lesson plans within a mathematics curriculum Uses of ICT in social studies How ICT improves the teaching/learning of social studies or how to improve social studies teaching through intelligent and informed use of technology * Searching and using Internet resources for social studies materials and lessons * Searching problem-solving, enquiry and creative thinking materials with the option of using interpersonal exchanges, virtual gatherings, peer feedback or mentoring to support student learning * Constructing technology-enhanced lessons or lesson plans within a social studies art curriculum Conclusion The teacher education system empowered by ICT driven infrastructure can have a great opportunity to come up to the centre stage and ensure academic excellence, quality instruc tion and leadership in a knowledge-based society. ICT has revolutionized the entire concept of education. It is really a challenging task to strengthen ICT in teacher education because a large majority of the teacher education institutions are unequipped or under-equipped in the terms of digitized and high-tech infrastructure. References Ahmed, S. and Singh, M. (2010). Multimedia in Teacher Education Empowering Accessible, Flexible and innovative learning,  Shikshak – Shikha Shodh Patrika  Vol. (04) No (1) pp. 32-33. Flecknoe, M. (2002). â€Å"How can ICT help us to improve education†? Innovations in Education Teaching International, Vol. 39, No. 4, Pp; 271-280 Mishra, P. , Koehler, M. (2006). Technological pedagogical content knowledge: A framework for teacher knowledge. Teachers College Record, 108(6), 1017-1054. Montgomerie, C. , Irvine, V. (2001). Computer skill requirements for new and existing teachers: Implications for policy and practice. Journal of Teaching Learning, 1(1), 43-55. Moore, M. amp; Kearsley, G. (1996). Distance Education: A Systems View. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth. Paliwal A. K. (2006). Faculty development in teacher education perceptions and changing context, sovinier 7th National conference MATE pp 10-11. Takwal, R. (2003) Problems and Issues faced by Indian Education system UGC Golden Jubilee Lecture serie s. pp. 5. Venna S. K (2010) Teacher Education some qualitative consideration,  Shikshak – Shikha Shodh Patrika  vol (04) NO (1) pp. 10. Yusuf, M. O. (2005). Information and communication education: Analyzing the Nigerian national policy for information technology. International Education Journal Vol. 6 No. (3), Pp; 316-321. How to cite Ict in Teacher Education, Papers

More Than One Route free essay sample

I forgot to ask for a ride. Next thing I knew, the clock changed to 6:20: ten minutes to soccer practice. Normally, my parents and I would leave at around this time to get to practice, but who knew that simply eating a sandwich while watching my dog drool from across the table could make me forget that my parents weren’t home. Most people would quickly call up a friend and ask for a ride, but for some reason, this option didn’t occur to me until I arrived at practice on my bike twenty minutes later. As beads of sweat rolled down my face, all I heard were phrases like, â€Å"did you seriously ride your bike here?† and â€Å"we would have picked you up!†. You would think that riding a bike was a completely foreign mode of transportation if you listened to what my friends were saying. They told me I had come â€Å"the hard way. We will write a custom essay sample on More Than One Route or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † I was never one for thinking things through. Just recently, I visited Spain with my Spanish class and proved this point once again. â€Å"You must meet back here in front of the cathedral in exactly two hours,† instructed our tour guide. My two friends and I were about to explore the narrow roads and unique shops of Seville without a counselor monitoring every step we took. However, we were blinded by our curiosity; one cobblestone street led to the next, and one hour and thirty minutes later, we became lost. â€Å"We only have thirty more minutes! How do we get back? Guys, this is scary.† I looked at Kate’s fearful expression and Amanda’s aggravated glare, which gave me the impression that they had been relying on me to keep track of where we were going, which didn’t make sense considering my spacey personality. Much to their dismay, I had no clue where we were. So I stayed calm and used my Spanish IV vocabulary to ask a pedestrian how to get to t he cathedral. After following the instructions, â€Å"A la derecha; camine hasta llegar a la esquina de la calle; tome una izquierda,† we made it back to the cathedral with minutes to spare. My solution also had a benefit, in that I was able to practice my Spanish in a real world situation. Hidden benefits had not only been evident in my Spanish experience, but it had been evident in my bike riding experience as well. Although some may argue that biking to practice and being ten minutes late is not a good solution to the problem, it just so happens that my effort to get to practice impressed my coach. Plus, who doesn’t want an extra twenty minutes of exercise? I was also able to avoid making one of my teammates late; if I had called her parent to give me a ride at the last minute, we would have all been late. Better one person being late than two. Admittedly, none of these benefits came to mind at 6:20. I didn’t have a reason for choosing my arduous mode of transport, but instead plainly thought â€Å"I have to get to practice.† Give me time, and I can think of logical solutions. Rush me, and I won’t think of the most obvious routes. My quickly formulated solution caused me to be ten minutes late. Big deal. At least I got there. In Spain, when Kate and Amanda were stressed, I stayed calm and led them back to the meeting place by asking pedestrians for directions. I may not come up with Einstein-like solutions, but I always find a way.