How Cpu Works Essays

How Cpu Works Essays How Cpu Works Essay How Cpu Works Essay How does the CPU work? The CPU comprises of the following components as stated below. PREFETCH UNIT CONTROL UNIT ALU/FPU DECODE UNIT REGISTERS INTERNAL CACHE MEMORY BUS INTERFACE UNIT OUTPUT INPUT Arithmetic/logic Unit (ALU) and Floating Point Unit Arithmetic Logic Unit-is the section of the CPU core that performs arithmetic(addition,subtraction,multiplication and division) involving integers and logical operations such as comparing two pieces of data to see if they are equal or determining if a specific condition is true or false. Arithmetic requiring decimals is usually performed by the floating point unit(FPU). Arithmetic operations are perfomed when mathematical calculations are requested by the user,as well as when many other common computing tasks are performed. Most CPUs today have multiple ALUs and FPUs that work together to perform the necessary operations. Control Unit Coordinates and controls the operations and activities taking place within a CPU core such as retrieving data and instructions and passing them on to the ALU or FPU for execution. In other words it directs the flow of electric current within the core,much like a traffic cop controls the flow of vehicles on a roadway. The control unit tells ALU and FPU what to do and makes sure that everything happens at the right time in order for the appropriate processing to take place. Prefetch Orders data and instructions from cache or RAM based on the current task. The prefetch unit tries to predict what data and instructions will be needed and retrieves them ahead of time,in order to help avoid delays in processing. Decode Unit Takes the instructions fetched by the prefetch unit and translates them into a form that can be understood by the control unit,ALU and FPU. The decoded instructions go to the control unit for processing. Registers and Internal Cache Memory Registers and Cache memory are both types of memory used by the CPU. Registers are groups of high-speed memory located within the CPU that are used during processing. The ALU and FPU use registers to store data, intermediary calculations and the results of processing temporarily. Internal Cache memory is used to store instructions and data for the CPU,to avoid retrieving them from RAM or the hard drive. Bus Interface Unit It allows the core to communicate with other CPU components,such as the memory controller and other cores. The memory controller controls the flow of instructions and data going between the CPU cores and RAM.

The Worlds Newest Countries Since 1990

The Worlds Newest Countries Since 1990 Since the year 1990, 34 new countries have been created, many as a result of the dissolution of the U.S.S.R. and Yugoslavia in the early 1990s. Others became new countries as a result of anticolonial and independence movements, including Eritrea and East Timor. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Fifteen new countries became independent when the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) dissolved in 1991. Most of these countries declared independence a few months before the Soviet Union officially collapsed: ArmeniaAzerbaijanBelarusEstoniaGeorgiaKazakhstanKyrgyzstanLatviaLithuaniaMoldovaRussiaTajikistanTurkmenistanUkraineUzbekistan Former Yugoslavia Yugoslavia dissolved in the early 1990s into five independent countries: June 25, 1991:  Croatia  and SloveniaSeptember 8, 1991:  Macedonia (officially The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia) declared independence on this date, but wasnt recognized by the United Nations until 1993 and the United States and Russia until February of 1994.February 29, 1992: Bosnia and HerzegovinaApril 17, 1992:  Serbia and Montenegro, also known as the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Other New Countries Thirteen other countries became independent through a variety of circumstances, including independence movements: March 21, 1990:  Namibia became independent of South Africa.  Previously, Namibia was known as South West Africa when the latter was officially a German territory.May 22, 1990:  North and South Yemen merged to form a unified Yemen.October 3, 1990: East Germany and West Germany merged to form a unified Germany after the fall of the Iron Curtain.September 17, 1991:  The Marshall Islands was part of the Trust Territory of Pacific Islands (administered by the United States) and gained independence as a former colony. On this date,  Micronesia, previously known as the Caroline Islands, also became independent from the United States.January 1, 1993: The Czech Republic and Slovakia became independent nations when Czechoslovakia dissolved. The peaceful separation was also known as the Velvet Divorce, after the Velvet Revolution which had led to the end of communist rule in Czechoslovakia.May 25, 1993: Eritrea, which was part of Ethiopia, seceded and gained independence. The two nat ions later became involved in a violent war over disputed territory. A peace agreement was reached in 2018. October 1, 1994: Palau was part of the Trust Territory of Pacific Islands (administered by the United States) and gained independence as a former colony.May 20, 2002: East Timor (Timor-Leste) declared independence from Portugal in 1975 but did not become independent from Indonesia until 2002.June 3, 2006: Montenegro was part of Serbia and Montenegro (also known as Yugoslavia) but gained independence after a referendum. Two days later, Serbia became its own entity after Montenegro split.February 17, 2008: Kosovo unilaterally declared independence from Serbia. The representatives of the Kosovo people unanimously agreed that the country would be independent of​ Serbia despite the objections of eleven representatives of the Serbian minority.July 9, 2011: South Sudan peacefully seceded from Sudan following a January 2011 referendum. Sudan had been the site of two civil wars, and the referendum received near unanimous approval.